How to answer "Discuss" questions
Discuss means: Present different points of view or factors in detail — a balanced exploration.
Written & reviewed by James Millett — Biology (Imperial College London), PGCE Science (University of Cambridge).
AO3 — high tariff. · Also phrased as: explore, consider both sides
What the examiner is looking for
- Cover more than one side / several relevant factors.
- Develop each point with scientific reasoning.
- Often, but not always, a concluding overview.
How to structure your answer
- Identify the different viewpoints or factors.
- Develop each with evidence/consequences.
- Draw the threads together at the end.
Worked example
Q: Discuss the environmental impact of using fertilisers on farmland. (4 marks)
Model answer: Fertilisers increase crop yield by supplying nitrates for protein synthesis [1]. However, rain washes nitrates into rivers (leaching) [1], causing eutrophication: algal blooms block light, plants die, decomposers use up oxygen and fish die [1]. So while fertilisers raise food production, they can damage aquatic ecosystems if overused [1].
Common mistakes
- Treating "discuss" like "describe" — one-sided with no development.
- Listing factors without explaining their effects.
Practise it
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