How to answer "Compare" questions

Compare means: Give the similarities AND/OR differences between two or more things.

Written & reviewed by James Millett — Biology (Imperial College London), PGCE Science (University of Cambridge).

AO1/AO2. · Also phrased as: contrast, give similarities and differences

What the examiner is looking for

  • Make linked statements about BOTH things in the same sentence.
  • Use comparative language: "whereas", "is higher than", "both…but".

How to structure your answer

  1. For each mark, compare the same feature across both items.
  2. Do not write two separate descriptions — the marks are for the comparison itself.

Worked example

Q: Compare arteries and veins. (3 marks)

Model answer: Arteries carry blood away from the heart whereas veins carry blood towards it [1]. Arteries have a thick, muscular, elastic wall to withstand high pressure, whereas veins have a thinner wall and lower pressure [1]. Veins contain valves to prevent backflow, whereas arteries do not [1].

Common mistakes

  • Describing each item separately and never actually comparing.
  • Omitting the comparative word so the point is not "linked".

Practise it

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