The polar bear lives in the Arctic, where temperatures are extremely cold and prey can be difficult to locate beneath snow and ice. Describe four adaptive features of the polar bear that increase its chance of survival in this environment.

Cambridge International IGCSE Biology (0610) — 18.2 Adaptive features · Describe · 4 marks · View as Markdown

Written & reviewed by James Millett — Biology (Imperial College London), PGCE Science (University of Cambridge).

Model answer (4 marks)

1. Thick layer of fat (blubber) beneath the skin provides insulation and reduces heat loss.
2. Thick, dense fur traps air, giving additional insulation and reducing heat loss.
3. White fur provides camouflage against the snow and ice, helping the bear to hunt prey or avoid predators.
4. Large, wide paws spread the bear's weight on snow and ice and provide grip to prevent slipping.

Examiner tips

  • Use the exact phrases from the mark scheme; include all four features. Show each feature as a separate point. Remember to mention both insulation and camouflage where relevant.

Common mistakes

  • Omitting one of the four features. Using vague terms like "good fur" instead of "thick, dense fur". Failing to link the feature to survival advantage.

Mark scheme (4 marks)

  1. Thick layer of fat (blubber) beneath the skin provides insulation / reduces heat loss
  2. Thick, dense fur traps air / reduces heat loss by insulation
  3. White fur provides camouflage against snow / ice, helping the bear to hunt prey or avoid predators
  4. Large, wide paws spread the bear's weight on snow and ice / provide grip to prevent slipping

Key terms in this question

adaptive feature

Related

More Adaptive features questions

▶ Try answering this question with AI marking (free) →