Describe the functions of four organelles found in a plant cell.
Written & reviewed by James Millett — Biology (Imperial College London), PGCE Science (University of Cambridge).
Model answer (4 marks)
Nucleus – contains DNA and controls cell activities
Mitochondria – site of cellular respiration, releases energy as ATP
Chloroplast – site of photosynthesis, produces glucose and oxygen
Vacuole – stores cell sap, maintains turgor pressure (or cell wall – provides structural support)
Mitochondria – site of cellular respiration, releases energy as ATP
Chloroplast – site of photosynthesis, produces glucose and oxygen
Vacuole – stores cell sap, maintains turgor pressure (or cell wall – provides structural support)
Examiner tips
- Use the exact terminology (DNA, ATP, turgor pressure) Show each organelle as a separate point Include the main function(s) only, no extra detail
- common_mistakes
- :
- Mixing up mitochondria with chloroplast functions Using vague terms like ‘helps the cell’ instead of specific roles
Mark scheme (4 marks)
- Nucleus — contains genetic material / controls the activities of the cell
- Mitochondria — site of respiration / releases energy for the cell
- Chloroplast — site of photosynthesis
- Vacuole — stores cell sap / OR cell wall — strengthens the cell (one acceptable)
Key terms in this question
Related
- Revision notes: Cell structure →
- How to answer a "Describe" question →
- Decode the mark scheme abbreviations →
More Cell structure questions
- Explain why plant cells contain chloroplasts and mitochondria, but animal cells …
- Describe four differences between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell.
- Explain why a bacterial cell cannot be described as a eukaryotic cell. Give thre…
- Explain why a cell with a nucleus, a cell membrane, mitochondria, and a vacuole …