Mitosis vs Meiosis: what's the difference?

GCSE Biology

Two types of cell division. Mitosis makes identical body cells; meiosis makes genetically different gametes.

Written & reviewed by James Millett — Biology (Imperial College London), PGCE Science (University of Cambridge).

Mitosis vs Meiosis — side by side

MitosisMeiosis
PurposeGrowth, repair, asexual reproductionMaking gametes (sex cells)
Number of divisionsOneTwo
Daughter cells24
Chromosome numberDiploid → diploid (kept the same)Diploid → haploid (halved)
Genetic resultGenetically identical (clones)Genetically different (variation)

Exam tip — how to tell them apart: Mit-O-sis = O for "One division, identical". Mei-O-sis halves the chromosomes and makes variation for sexual reproduction.

Common trap: Don't muddle the outcomes: mitosis = 2 identical diploid cells; meiosis = 4 different haploid cells.

▶ Practise a "state the difference" question and get it marked (free) →

More Biology comparisons