State and explain why silver is used to make electrical contacts in high-quality switches, and why zinc is used to coat steel in the process known as galvanising. Give one reason for each use.
Written & reviewed by James Millett — Biology (Imperial College London), PGCE Science (University of Cambridge).
Model answer (4 marks)
Silver is a good conductor of electricity and heat, so it allows electric current to pass through the contact with minimal energy loss.
Zinc is more reactive than iron, so it acts as a sacrificial metal; it corrodes preferentially, protecting the steel beneath from rusting even if the zinc layer is scratched.
Zinc is more reactive than iron, so it acts as a sacrificial metal; it corrodes preferentially, protecting the steel beneath from rusting even if the zinc layer is scratched.
Examiner tips
- Use the exact terms "good conductor of electricity and heat" and "sacrificial metal".
- Show the link between conductivity and minimal energy loss, and between reactivity and sacrificial protection.
- Keep the answer concise – one sentence per use.
Common mistakes
- Using vague phrases like "good material" instead of "good conductor".
- Confusing zinc’s role as a protective coating with a galvanic cell explanation.
- Writing the reasons in the wrong order or omitting the reactivity point.
Mark scheme (4 marks)
- Silver is a good conductor of electricity / heat
- This allows electric current to pass through the contact / circuit easily with minimal energy loss
- Zinc is more reactive than iron / steel (so acts as a sacrificial metal)
- Zinc corrodes / oxidises preferentially, protecting the steel beneath from rusting even if the zinc layer is scratched
Key terms in this question
Related
- All Cambridge International IGCSE Chemistry (0620) revision notes →
- How to answer a "State and explain" question →
- Decode the mark scheme abbreviations →
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