Explain why a plant kept in a dark cupboard for several days will eventually die, even if it is given water and minerals.
Written & reviewed by James Millett — Biology (Imperial College London), PGCE Science (University of Cambridge).
Model answer (5 marks)
A plant needs light for photosynthesis. In the dark it cannot produce glucose.
Glucose is the substrate for cellular respiration.
Without respiration the plant cannot release energy.
Without energy it cannot carry out essential life processes.
Therefore the plant eventually dies.
Glucose is the substrate for cellular respiration.
Without respiration the plant cannot release energy.
Without energy it cannot carry out essential life processes.
Therefore the plant eventually dies.
Examiner tips
- Use the exact sequence: light → photosynthesis → glucose → respiration → energy → life processes → death
- Show the causal chain, not just list points
- Use UK spelling (e.g., ‘processes’)
- Mention that water and minerals are insufficient without energy
Common mistakes
- Failing to mention that glucose is required for respiration
- Confusing photosynthesis with respiration
- Using vague terms like ‘energy’ without linking to respiration
Mark scheme (5 marks)
- Photosynthesis requires light
- Without light, the plant cannot produce glucose
- Glucose is needed as a reactant / substrate for respiration
- Without respiration the plant cannot release energy
- Without energy the plant cannot carry out essential life processes, so it dies
Related
- All AQA A-Level Biology (7402) revision notes →
- How to answer a "Explain" question →
- Decode the mark scheme abbreviations →
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