Explain how a positive test charge placed between two oppositely charged parallel plates experiences an electric force, and describe how the electric field between the plates differs from the electric field near an isolated point charge.

AQA A-Level Physics (7408) — 3.7.3 Electric Fields · Explain · 5 marks · View as Markdown

Written & reviewed by James Millett — Biology (Imperial College London), PGCE Science (University of Cambridge).

Model answer (5 marks)

An electric field is a region where a charged object experiences a force.

A positive test charge placed between two oppositely charged parallel plates is attracted to the negative plate and repelled by the positive plate, so it experiences a force in the direction of the electric field, i.e. from the positive plate to the negative plate.

The electric field between the plates is uniform; the field strength is the same at all points between the plates.

In contrast, the electric field near an isolated point charge is non‑uniform and radial. The field strength decreases as the distance from the point charge increases, following an inverse‑square law, whereas the field between the plates remains constant.

Examiner tips

  • Use the definition of electric field first; mention force direction. Show that the field between plates is uniform. Contrast with radial, non‑uniform field of a point charge. Mention inverse‑square decrease for the point charge.

Common mistakes

  • Confusing the direction of the force with the direction of the field. Saying the field between plates is non‑uniform. Forgetting that the point‑charge field decreases with distance.

Mark scheme (5 marks)

  1. An electric field is a region where a charged object experiences a force
  2. The positive test charge experiences a force in the direction of the electric field (from positive plate to negative plate)
  3. The electric field between the parallel plates is uniform
  4. The electric field near an isolated point charge is non-uniform / radial
  5. The field strength near a point charge decreases as distance from the charge increases, whereas the uniform field between the plates stays constant

Key terms in this question

electric field · test charge · point charge

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