Describe what happens during meiosis to produce gametes from a diploid cell.

Edexcel GCSE Biology (1BI0) — 3.2 Meiosis · Describe · 4 marks · View as Markdown

Written & reviewed by James Millett — Biology (Imperial College London), PGCE Science (University of Cambridge).

Model answer (4 marks)

1. DNA is replicated in the interphase before meiosis starts.
2. Meiosis I separates homologous chromosome pairs, producing two haploid cells.
3. Meiosis II separates sister chromatids, giving a total of four cells.
4. Each of the four haploid cells is genetically different and can become a gamete.

Examiner tips

Use the word ‘separate’ for homologous pairs and sister chromatids. Mention DNA replication in interphase. Show the two divisions and the final number of cells. Keep the answer concise – one sentence per point.

Common mistakes

Forgetting to state DNA replication. Confusing meiosis I with mitosis. Saying ‘two cells’ instead of four. Using vague terms like ‘different’ without specifying haploid.

Mark scheme (4 marks)

Meiosis involves two divisions (of the cell/nucleus)
The chromosomes are copied / DNA is replicated before division begins
The chromosome pairs separate so each new cell receives one chromosome from each pair / homologous pairs are separated
Four genetically different haploid daughter cells (gametes) are produced

Key terms in this question

meiosis · diploid cell · gametes