Describe the differences between mitosis and meiosis in terms of the cells produced.

WJEC GCSE Biology (Wales) — 2.2.1 Mitosis and meiosis · Describe · 4 marks · View as Markdown

Written & reviewed by James Millett — Biology (Imperial College London), PGCE Science (University of Cambridge).

Model answer (4 marks)

Mitosis produces two diploid cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell, and these cells are used for growth and repair.
Meiosis produces four haploid cells that are genetically different from the parent cell, and these cells are the gametes used in sexual reproduction.

Examiner tips

Use the word "produces" to link each point to the process. Mention the number of cells, ploidy, genetic similarity and purpose. Keep each point short and use exam‑specific terms (diploid, haploid, gametes).

Common mistakes

Confusing the number of cells produced (e.g. saying meiosis gives two cells). Saying both processes give identical cells. Forgetting to state that meiosis produces haploid gametes.

Mark scheme (4 marks)

Mitosis produces two cells / meiosis produces four cells
Mitosis produces cells that are genetically identical (to the parent cell) / meiosis produces cells that are genetically different
Mitosis produces diploid cells (with the full number of chromosomes) / meiosis produces haploid cells (with half the number of chromosomes)
Meiosis produces gametes (sex cells) / mitosis is used for growth and repair

Key terms in this question

mitosis · meiosis