Describe four ways in which a palisade mesophyll cell is adapted to carry out its function.

Cambridge International IGCSE Biology (0610) — 2.1 Cell structure and organisation · Describe · 4 marks · View as Markdown

Written & reviewed by James Millett — Biology (Imperial College London), PGCE Science (University of Cambridge).

Model answer (4 marks)

1. Large number of chloroplasts to absorb light energy for photosynthesis
2. Tall, elongated cell shape to maximise light absorption
3. Located at the top/upper surface of the leaf where light is greatest
4. Closely packed cells to minimise light passing through without absorption

Examiner tips

  • Use the exact wording from the mark scheme, e.g. "large number of chloroplasts" and "tall, elongated cell shape"
  • Number each point clearly to show you have addressed all four criteria
  • Mention the function (photosynthesis) where relevant
  • Keep sentences short and factual

Common mistakes

  • Writing the points in a paragraph rather than numbered list, making it hard to see all four Using vague terms such as "many chloroplasts" instead of "large number of chloroplasts" Omitting the location (top of leaf) or the packing of cells

Mark scheme (4 marks)

  1. Contains a large number of chloroplasts to absorb light energy for photosynthesis
  2. Tall / elongated cell shape to maximise light absorption
  3. Located at the top / upper surface of the leaf where the most light is received
  4. Cells are closely packed together to reduce the amount of light that passes through without being absorbed

Related

More Cell structure and organisation questions

▶ Try answering this question with AI marking (free) →