An atom of element X has an atomic number of 11 and a mass number of 23. State the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a neutral atom of element X, and name the element.
Written & reviewed by James Millett — Biology (Imperial College London), PGCE Science (University of Cambridge).
Model answer (4 marks)
Protons: 11
Neutrons: 12
Electrons: 11
Element: Sodium (Na)
Neutrons: 12
Electrons: 11
Element: Sodium (Na)
Examiner tips
- State each number separately; include the element’s symbol in brackets.
- Use the formula neutrons = mass number – atomic number to calculate neutrons.
- Remember a neutral atom has equal protons and electrons.
- Write the element name in full and the symbol in parentheses.
Common mistakes
- Calculating neutrons incorrectly (e.g. 23‑11=11 instead of 12).
- Forgetting to state the element name or symbol.
- Mixing up the number of electrons with the atomic number in a neutral atom.
Mark scheme (4 marks)
- 11 protons
- 12 neutrons (mass number − atomic number = 23 − 11)
- 11 electrons (equal to the number of protons in a neutral atom)
- Sodium (Na)
Key terms in this question
atomic number · mass number · electron · atom
Related
- All Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Chemistry (4CH1) revision notes →
- How to answer a "State" question →
- Decode the mark scheme abbreviations →
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