Aerobic respiration is affected by temperature because it is catalysed by enzymes. Explain how a rise in temperature from 20 °C to 70 °C affects the rate of aerobic respiration in a yeast cell.
Written & reviewed by James Millett — Biology (Imperial College London), PGCE Science (University of Cambridge).
Model answer (4 marks)
A rise in temperature increases the kinetic energy of the molecules, so the frequency of successful collisions between enzymes and substrates rises, which increases the rate of aerobic respiration up to the optimum temperature. Above the optimum (around 70 °C) the rate falls because the high temperature denatures the enzymes, altering the shape of the active site and preventing substrate binding.
Examiner tips
- Mention kinetic energy and collision frequency first, then state the optimum and denaturation effect
- Use the terms ‘optimum temperature’ and ‘denature’
- Show the two stages: increase then decrease
Common mistakes
- Failing to mention the optimum temperature or denaturation
- Using vague terms like ‘hot’ instead of ‘high temperature’
- Not linking temperature to enzyme activity
Mark scheme (4 marks)
- Rate of aerobic respiration increases as temperature rises (up to the optimum)
- Because higher temperature gives molecules / enzymes and substrates more kinetic energy, increasing the frequency of successful collisions
- Above the optimum temperature the rate of respiration decreases / stops
- Because high temperatures denature the enzymes that catalyse respiration, changing the shape of the active site so substrate cannot bind
Key terms in this question
Related
- All Cambridge International IGCSE Biology (0610) revision notes →
- How to answer a "Explain" question →
- Decode the mark scheme abbreviations →
More Aerobic respiration questions
- A muscle cell requires large amounts of energy during exercise. Explain why musc…
- A student goes for a long run. Towards the end of the run, the student's leg mus…
- Aerobic respiration releases energy that is used in many processes inside living…
- Aerobic respiration takes place in cells to release energy from glucose. Describ…