A rock sample has the same mass on the surface of Jupiter as it does on the surface of Earth. Explain why the weight of the rock on Jupiter is greater than its weight on Earth, and state what property of the rock does not change between the two planets.

Cambridge International IGCSE Physics (0625) — 1.3 Mass and weight · Explain · 4 marks · View as Markdown

Written & reviewed by James Millett — Biology (Imperial College London), PGCE Science (University of Cambridge).

Jupiter has a much greater mass than Earth, resulting in a stronger gravitational field at its surface.

Model answer (4 marks)

Weight is the gravitational force acting on a mass.
Weight depends on the gravitational field strength.
Jupiter’s gravitational field strength is greater than Earth’s.
Weight = mass × gravitational field strength, so the same mass has a greater weight on Jupiter.
The property that does not change is the mass of the rock.

Examiner tips

  • Use the definition of weight and the formula W=mg. Show the comparison of g on Jupiter vs Earth. Mention that mass is unchanged. Keep answer concise and use UK spelling.

Common mistakes

  • Confusing weight with mass. Saying the rock’s mass changes. Using the wrong gravitational constant or omitting the formula.

Mark scheme (4 marks)

  1. Weight is the gravitational force acting on a mass / weight depends on gravitational field strength
  2. Jupiter has a greater / stronger gravitational field strength than Earth
  3. Weight = mass × gravitational field strength, so greater g gives greater weight (for the same mass)
  4. Mass does not change / mass remains the same on both planets

Key terms in this question

weight · mass

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