A guitar string vibrates and produces a sound wave that travels through the air. Explain what is meant by the terms wavelength and wave speed, and describe how the frequency and amplitude of the sound wave are related to what a listener hears.

Wavelength is the distance between two successive points that are in phase, for example crest to crest or compression to compression – it is the length of one complete wave cycle.
Wave speed is the distance travelled by the wave per unit time; it tells how fast the wave moves through the medium.
The frequency of the sound wave determines the pitch that a listener hears – a higher frequency gives a higher‑pitched sound.
The amplitude of the wave determines the loudness – a greater amplitude gives a louder sound.
Amplitude is the maximum displacement of a point on the wave from its rest or equilibrium position.