# Propanoic acid reacts with sodium carbonate solution. Explain why propanoic acid reacts with sodium carbonate and describe the observations a student would make during this reaction.

> Edexcel A-Level Chemistry (9CH0) — 17.3 Carboxylic acids and derivatives · Explain and Describe · 5 marks

> Propanoic acid (CH₃CH₂COOH) is a carboxylic acid found in some fermented foods. It reacts with sodium carbonate solution to produce a salt, water, and a gas.

## Mark scheme (5 marks)

1. Propanoic acid is an acid / it donates hydrogen ions (H⁺) / protons to the carbonate ions
2. The carboxyl / –COOH group reacts with the carbonate / the reaction produces carbon dioxide gas
3. A salt (sodium propanoate) is formed as a product of the reaction
4. Observation: effervescence / bubbling is seen
5. Observation: the solid sodium carbonate dissolves / the solution becomes clear OR the gas produced turns limewater milky

## Key terms

- [carbonate](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/carbonate)

## Related

- [Revision notes for Edexcel A-Level Chemistry (9CH0)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/learn)
- [How to answer "Explain and Describe" questions](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/tools/command-word-cheatsheet)
- [Practice this with AI marking (free)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/start)

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Source: [GradeNine](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/q/propanoic-acid-reacts-with-sodium-carbonate-087e0177) · Published by Druglandscape Ltd.