# Phloem and xylem are the two transport tissues found in plants. Describe how the structure of phloem and xylem vessels is adapted to carry out their transport functions.

> Eduqas A-Level Biology — 2.3 Adaptations for transport in plants and animals · Describe · 5 marks

## Mark scheme (5 marks)

1. Xylem is made from hollowed-out dead cells / cells have no contents
2. End walls of xylem cells are removed to form a continuous tube, allowing water to flow through
3. Xylem walls are impermeable to water / strengthened with lignin, preventing water from leaking out
4. Phloem is made of living cells / sieve tubes are living cells connected via their cytoplasms
5. Companion cells provide energy to aid transport of sugars through the phloem

## Key terms

- [xylem](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/xylem)
- [phloem](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/phloem)

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Source: [GradeNine](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/q/phloem-and-xylem-are-the-two-e5480d00) · Published by Druglandscape Ltd.