# Golden rice is a genetically modified crop that produces beta carotene, which the human body uses to make vitamin A. Describe how genetic modification of a plant such as golden rice can have both advantages and disadvantages for human populations.

> Cambridge International IGCSE Biology (0610) — 21.3 Genetic modification · Describe · 4 marks

## Mark scheme (4 marks)

1. One advantage related to human nutrition or health
2. One further advantage related to crop yield, pest/disease resistance, or environmental conditions
3. One disadvantage related to biodiversity, cross-contamination, or herbicide resistance
4. One further disadvantage related to cost, unknown health impacts, or ethical concerns

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