# Explain why a longitudinal wave and a transverse wave are different types of wave, and give one example of each type.

> Edexcel GCSE Physics (1PH0) — 4.1 Waves · Explain · 4 marks

> Waves can be categorised into two types based on the direction of their oscillations relative to the direction of energy transfer.

## Mark scheme (4 marks)

1. In a transverse wave, the oscillations/vibrations are perpendicular (at right angles) to the direction of travel/energy transfer.
2. In a longitudinal wave, the oscillations/vibrations are parallel to the direction of travel/energy transfer.
3. Correct example of a transverse wave (e.g. light / any electromagnetic wave / seismic S waves / water waves).
4. Correct example of a longitudinal wave (e.g. sound waves / seismic P waves).

## Key terms

- [longitudinal wave](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/longitudinal-wave)
- [transverse wave](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/transverse-wave)

## Related

- [Revision notes for Edexcel GCSE Physics (1PH0)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/learn)
- [How to answer "Explain" questions](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/tools/command-word-cheatsheet)
- [Practice this with AI marking (free)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/start)

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Source: [GradeNine](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/q/explain-why-a-longitudinal-wave-and-e395fc44) · Published by Druglandscape Ltd.