# Explain why a eukaryotic cell is able to carry out more complex functions than a prokaryotic cell, and explain how the vacuole and cell wall of a plant cell are each suited to their functions.

> AQA A-Level Biology (7402) — 3.2.1 Cell Structure · Explain · 5 marks

## Mark scheme (5 marks)

1. Eukaryotic cells have a true / membrane-bound nucleus (that contains DNA / genetic material)
2. Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles (e.g. mitochondria) that allow different processes to be compartmentalised / separated
3. The permanent vacuole is filled with cell sap / contains water and dissolved substances
4. The vacuole keeps the cell turgid / pushes cytoplasm against the cell wall to support the cell
5. The cell wall is made of cellulose and is rigid / strong, so it provides structural support and prevents the cell from bursting

## Key terms

- [eukaryotic cell](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/eukaryotic-cell)
- [prokaryotic cell](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/prokaryotic-cell)
- [cell wall](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/cell-wall)

## Related

- [Revision notes for AQA A-Level Biology (7402)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/learn)
- [How to answer "Explain" questions](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/tools/command-word-cheatsheet)
- [Practice this with AI marking (free)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/start)

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Source: [GradeNine](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/q/explain-why-a-eukaryotic-cell-is-8a9fa3ac) · Published by Druglandscape Ltd.