# Explain the difference between a transverse wave and a longitudinal wave. In your answer, refer to the direction of vibration of particles relative to the direction of wave travel.

> Eduqas A-Level Physics — 2.5 Wave properties · Explain · 5 marks

## Mark scheme (5 marks)

1. In a transverse wave, particles vibrate perpendicular (at right angles) to the direction of wave travel
2. In a longitudinal wave, particles vibrate parallel to (along) the direction of wave travel
3. A correct named example of a transverse wave (e.g. light, water waves, electromagnetic waves)
4. A correct named example of a longitudinal wave (e.g. sound, ultrasound, seismic P-waves)
5. Longitudinal waves have compressions and rarefactions (regions where particles are pushed together and spread apart)

## Key terms

- [transverse wave](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/transverse-wave)
- [longitudinal wave](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/longitudinal-wave)
- [vibration](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/vibration)

## Related

- [Revision notes for Eduqas A-Level Physics](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/learn)
- [How to answer "Explain" questions](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/tools/command-word-cheatsheet)
- [Practice this with AI marking (free)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/start)

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Source: [GradeNine](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/q/explain-the-difference-between-a-transverse-423f1f13) · Published by Druglandscape Ltd.