# Explain how the structure of a neurone is related to its function in transmitting nerve impulses.

> WJEC GCSE Biology (Wales) — 2.5.1 The nervous system · Explain · 4 marks

> Neurones are specialised cells that carry electrical impulses around the body. They have several structural features that make them well suited to this role.

## Mark scheme (4 marks)

1. Myelin sheath / myelin insulates the neurone / axon
2. Myelin sheath speeds up the transmission of the nerve impulse
3. Long axon allows impulses to be carried over long distances / between distant parts of the body
4. Dendrites / dendrons increase the surface area to receive impulses from other neurones

## Key terms

- [neurone](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/neurone)
- [nerve impulse](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/nerve-impulse)

## Related

- [Revision notes for WJEC GCSE Biology (Wales)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/learn)
- [How to answer "Explain" questions](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/tools/command-word-cheatsheet)
- [Practice this with AI marking (free)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/start)

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Source: [GradeNine](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/q/explain-how-the-structure-of-a-b2bc529b) · Published by Druglandscape Ltd.