# Explain how the spongy mesophyll and stomata work together to allow efficient gas exchange in a leaf.

> Cambridge International IGCSE Biology (0610) — 6.2 Leaf structure · Explain · 4 marks

## Mark scheme (4 marks)

1. Spongy mesophyll has air spaces that increase surface area for diffusion
2. Carbon dioxide (and oxygen) diffuse rapidly through the air spaces of the spongy mesophyll
3. Stomata are pores / openings that allow gases to enter and leave the leaf
4. Guard cells control the opening and closing of stomata to regulate gas exchange (and water loss)

## Key terms

- [spongy mesophyll](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/spongy-mesophyll)
- [stomata](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/stomata)

## Related

- [Revision notes for Cambridge International IGCSE Biology (0610)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/learn)
- [How to answer "Explain" questions](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/tools/command-word-cheatsheet)
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Source: [GradeNine](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/q/explain-how-the-spongy-mesophyll-and-5040b4b2) · Published by Druglandscape Ltd.