# Explain how a molecule of transfer RNA (tRNA) contributes to the production of a protein during translation.

> Edexcel A-Level Biology A: Salters-Nuffield (9BN0) — 1.4 DNA, RNA and protein synthesis · Explain · 5 marks

> Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules are found in the cytoplasm and play an essential role during translation at the ribosome.

## Mark scheme (5 marks)

1. tRNA carries/brings a specific amino acid to the ribosome
2. tRNA has an anticodon that is complementary to / pairs with a codon on the mRNA
3. each tRNA molecule carries a specific/particular amino acid determined by its anticodon sequence
4. amino acids are joined together (in sequence) to form a polypeptide / protein chain
5. the sequence of codons on mRNA determines the order in which tRNA molecules deliver amino acids, giving a specific sequence of amino acids in the protein

## Key terms

- [transfer RNA (tRNA)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/transfer-rna-trna)
- [translation](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/translation)

## Related

- [Revision notes for Edexcel A-Level Biology A: Salters-Nuffield (9BN0)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/learn)
- [How to answer "Explain" questions](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/tools/command-word-cheatsheet)
- [Practice this with AI marking (free)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/start)

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Source: [GradeNine](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/q/explain-how-a-molecule-of-transfer-d6e7ed78) · Published by Druglandscape Ltd.