# During exercise, the breathing rate of a student increases. Explain how this helps to maintain efficient gas exchange in the lungs.

> Edexcel GCSE Biology (1BI0) — 8.1 Gas exchange · Explain · 4 marks

> A student begins a vigorous exercise session. Their breathing rate increases from 15 breaths per minute to 40 breaths per minute.

## Mark scheme (4 marks)

1. Increased breathing rate brings more fresh air (oxygen) into the alveoli / removes carbon dioxide from the alveoli more quickly
2. This maintains a steep / large concentration gradient (for oxygen and/or carbon dioxide) between the alveoli and the blood
3. A steeper concentration gradient increases the rate of diffusion (of oxygen into the blood / carbon dioxide out of the blood)
4. This ensures sufficient oxygen is delivered to (respiring) cells / carbon dioxide (a waste product of respiration) is removed efficiently during increased exercise demand

## Related

- [Revision notes for Edexcel GCSE Biology (1BI0)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/learn)
- [How to answer "Explain" questions](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/tools/command-word-cheatsheet)
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