# Describe the roles of the enucleated egg cell and the diploid nucleus in the process of cloning a mammal by somatic cell nuclear transfer.

> Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Biology (4BI1) — 5.4 Cloning · Describe · 4 marks

> Dolly the sheep was the first mammal to be cloned from an adult somatic cell using a technique called somatic cell nuclear transfer. The process involves combining material from two different cells to produce a clone of the donor organism.

## Mark scheme (4 marks)

1. The enucleated egg cell has had its nucleus removed / the nucleus is removed from the egg cell so it contains no genetic material
2. A diploid nucleus from a somatic / body cell of the organism to be cloned is inserted into the enucleated egg cell
3. The diploid nucleus provides the full / complete set of genetic information / all the chromosomes needed to develop into a new organism
4. The resulting cell is stimulated to divide / develop into an embryo that is genetically identical to the donor organism

## Key terms

- [enucleated egg cell](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/enucleated-egg-cell)
- [diploid nucleus](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/diploid-nucleus)
- [somatic cell nuclear transfer](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/somatic-cell-nuclear-transfer)
- [cloning](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/cloning)

## Related

- [Revision notes for Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Biology (4BI1)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/learn)
- [How to answer "Describe" questions](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/tools/command-word-cheatsheet)
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Source: [GradeNine](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/q/describe-the-roles-of-the-enucleated-7bda035d) · Published by Druglandscape Ltd.