# Describe the differences between embryonic stem cells and adult stem cells.

> WJEC GCSE Biology (Wales) — 2.2.2 Stem cells · Describe · 4 marks

## Mark scheme (4 marks)

1. Embryonic stem cells can differentiate into any type of cell (are totipotent/pluripotent), whereas adult stem cells can only differentiate into a limited range of cell types
2. Embryonic stem cells are found in embryos, whereas adult stem cells are found in specific tissues/organs of a developed organism
3. Using embryonic stem cells raises ethical concerns because it involves destroying an embryo, whereas using adult stem cells does not raise the same ethical issues
4. Adult stem cells are less likely to be rejected by the patient's immune system if taken from the patient's own body (self-donation / autologous use)

## Key terms

- [embryonic stem cells](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/embryonic-stem-cells)
- [adult stem cells](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/adult-stem-cells)

## Related

- [Revision notes for WJEC GCSE Biology (Wales)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/learn)
- [How to answer "Describe" questions](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/tools/command-word-cheatsheet)
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Source: [GradeNine](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/q/describe-the-differences-between-embryonic-stem-6ee30a16) · Published by Druglandscape Ltd.