# Describe how a longitudinal wave differs from a transverse wave. In your answer, refer to the direction of oscillation, and give one example of each type of wave.

> AQA A-Level Physics (7408) — 3.3.1 Progressive and Stationary Waves · Describe · 5 marks

> Waves transfer energy from one place to another. There are two main types of wave: transverse and longitudinal.

## Mark scheme (5 marks)

1. In a transverse wave, oscillations are perpendicular (at right angles) to the direction of travel/energy transfer.
2. In a longitudinal wave, oscillations are parallel to the direction of travel/energy transfer.
3. Longitudinal waves have compressions and rarefactions.
4. Correct example of a transverse wave (e.g. any electromagnetic wave / light / water waves).
5. Correct example of a longitudinal wave (e.g. sound waves).

## Key terms

- [transverse wave](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/transverse-wave)
- [longitudinal wave](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/longitudinal-wave)
- [oscillation](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/oscillation)

## Related

- [Revision notes for AQA A-Level Physics (7408)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/learn)
- [How to answer "Describe" questions](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/tools/command-word-cheatsheet)
- [Practice this with AI marking (free)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/start)

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Source: [GradeNine](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/q/describe-how-a-longitudinal-wave-differs-7f66a696) · Published by Druglandscape Ltd.