# Butan-1-ol is an alcohol that can be converted into 1-bromobutane, a halogenoalkane. Describe the differences in the functional groups of alcohols and halogenoalkanes, and explain how the properties of 1-bromobutane differ from those of butan-1-ol in terms of their ability to dissolve in water and their boiling points.

> Eduqas A-Level Chemistry — 3.3 Alcohols and halogenoalkanes · Describe · 5 marks

> Butan-1-ol (C₄H₉OH) can be converted into 1-bromobutane (C₄H₉Br) by replacing the hydroxyl group with a bromine atom.

## Mark scheme (5 marks)

1. Alcohols contain a hydroxyl (–OH) functional group
2. Halogenoalkanes contain a halogen atom (in this case bromine / –Br) as the functional group, replacing the –OH
3. 1-Bromobutane is less soluble in water than butan-1-ol (or: butan-1-ol dissolves more readily in water)
4. The –OH group in butan-1-ol can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, which is why it is more soluble
5. 1-Bromobutane has a higher boiling point than butan-1-ol OR butan-1-ol has a lower boiling point than 1-bromobutane because 1-bromobutane has stronger intermolecular (van der Waals) forces due to the larger bromine atom / greater relative formula mass

## Key terms

- [functional group](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/functional-group)
- [halogenoalkane](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/halogenoalkane)
- [boiling point](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/boiling-point)

## Related

- [Revision notes for Eduqas A-Level Chemistry](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/learn)
- [How to answer "Describe" questions](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/tools/command-word-cheatsheet)
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Source: [GradeNine](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/q/butan-1-ol-is-an-alcohol-that-can-d897a8f3) · Published by Druglandscape Ltd.