# An elderly person has a diet that is low in calcium and vitamin D. Explain why this may cause problems with their bones and muscles.

> Eduqas GCSE Biology — 1.3.1 Diet and nutrition · Explain · 4 marks

## Mark scheme (4 marks)

1. Calcium is needed for strong/hard bones (and teeth)
2. A lack of calcium means bones become weak / brittle / more likely to fracture
3. Vitamin D is needed for the absorption of calcium (from the gut / small intestine / digestive system)
4. Calcium is needed for muscle contraction, so a lack of calcium may cause muscle problems / weakness / cramps

## Key terms

- [calcium](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/calcium)
- [vitamin D](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/vitamin-d)

## Related

- [Revision notes for Eduqas GCSE Biology](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/learn)
- [How to answer "Explain" questions](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/tools/command-word-cheatsheet)
- [Practice this with AI marking (free)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/start)

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Source: [GradeNine](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/q/an-elderly-person-has-a-diet-71ed2a8f) · Published by Druglandscape Ltd.