# A student performs flame tests and chemical tests on three separate solutions, labelled X, Y and Z. Solution X gives a brick-red flame colour. Solution Y gives a crimson-red flame colour. When dilute hydrochloric acid is added to solution Z, followed by barium chloride solution, a white precipitate forms. Identify the metal cation in solution X, the metal cation in solution Y, and the anion in solution Z, and state the name of the white precipitate formed in solution Z.

> Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Chemistry (4CH1) — 2.5 Tests for ions and gases · State · 4 marks

## Mark scheme (4 marks)

1. Metal cation in solution X is calcium (Ca²⁺)
2. Metal cation in solution Y is lithium (Li⁺)
3. The anion in solution Z is sulfate (SO₄²⁻)
4. The white precipitate formed in solution Z is barium sulfate

## Key terms

- [flame test](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/flame-test)
- [precipitate](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/precipitate)
- [cation](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/cation)
- [anion](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/anion)

## Related

- [Revision notes for Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Chemistry (4CH1)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/learn)
- [How to answer "State" questions](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/tools/command-word-cheatsheet)
- [Practice this with AI marking (free)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/start)

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Source: [GradeNine](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/q/a-student-performs-flame-tests-and-06ce1375) · Published by Druglandscape Ltd.