# A hospital uses both X-rays and gamma rays in its medical department. Describe one use of each type of radiation and explain one hazard that is common to both, including a precaution that should be taken to reduce the risk.

> Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Physics (4PH1) — 3.2 The electromagnetic spectrum · Describe · 4 marks

## Mark scheme (4 marks)

1. X-rays are used for medical imaging (e.g. detecting broken bones / internal structures)
2. Gamma rays are used for sterilising food and/or medical equipment, OR detecting/treating cancers
3. Both X-rays and gamma rays are ionising radiation that can cause mutations / cell damage leading to cancer
4. Precaution: exposure should be minimised / protective shielding (e.g. lead) should be used / staff should leave the room during X-ray procedures

## Key terms

- [X-rays](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/x-rays)
- [gamma rays](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/gamma-rays)

## Related

- [Revision notes for Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Physics (4PH1)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/learn)
- [How to answer "Describe" questions](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/tools/command-word-cheatsheet)
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Source: [GradeNine](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/q/a-hospital-uses-both-x-rays-and-540b61e8) · Published by Druglandscape Ltd.