# A fixed mass of water vapour is cooled until it becomes ice. Describe what happens to the arrangement, movement and energy of the water particles as the vapour first condenses into liquid water and then freezes into ice.

> WJEC A-Level Physics (Wales) — 2.3 Capacitance (A-Level only) · Describe · 5 marks

## Mark scheme (5 marks)

1. During condensation, particles come closer together / move from being spread apart to being in contact with each other
2. In the liquid state, particles can flow / move over each other (rather than moving freely/randomly at high speed as in the gas)
3. Intermolecular forces (between particles) increase / become stronger as the substance condenses from gas to liquid
4. During freezing, particles become tightly packed / arranged in fixed positions and can only vibrate
5. The internal energy / kinetic energy of the particles decreases as the substance is cooled (at both stages)

## Related

- [Revision notes for WJEC A-Level Physics (Wales)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/learn)
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