# A cyclist rides along a flat road at constant speed, then freewheels (pedals stop turning) up a gentle hill until coming to rest at the top. Describe the energy transfers that occur during each of these two stages of the journey.

> Cambridge International IGCSE Physics (0625) — 1.7 Energy, work and power · Describe · 4 marks

## Mark scheme (4 marks)

1. During the flat section, kinetic energy is transferred to thermal (heat) energy due to friction / air resistance
2. During the flat section, the cyclist must do work (input energy) to maintain constant speed because energy is continuously lost to friction / air resistance
3. During the hill section, kinetic energy is transferred to gravitational potential energy as the cyclist rises
4. During the hill section, kinetic energy is also transferred to thermal (heat) energy due to friction / air resistance, so the cyclist comes to rest

## Related

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