# A child drags a sledge across a flat, snowy field using a horizontal rope. The snow exerts a friction force on the sledge. Explain why work is done on the sledge by the applied force, and describe what happens to the energy transferred against friction.

> AQA GCSE Physics (8463) — 4.5.2 Work done and energy transfer · Explain · 4 marks

## Mark scheme (4 marks)

1. Work is done because a force causes the sledge to move / there is displacement in the direction of the applied force
2. Work done is equal to force multiplied by distance moved (in the direction of the force)
3. Work is done against friction / the friction force does work on the sledge
4. Energy transferred against friction causes a rise in temperature / is transferred as heat/thermal energy to the sledge and snow

## Key terms

- [friction](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/friction)
- [force](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/glossary/force)

## Related

- [Revision notes for AQA GCSE Physics (8463)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/learn)
- [How to answer "Explain" questions](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/tools/command-word-cheatsheet)
- [Practice this with AI marking (free)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/start)

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Source: [GradeNine](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/q/a-child-drags-a-sledge-across-ad1ce25c) · Published by Druglandscape Ltd.