# A battery-powered toy car is switched on and accelerates across a smooth floor. It then hits a wall and comes to a sudden stop. Explain the energy transfers that occur from the moment the toy car is switched on until it comes to rest against the wall.

> Edexcel GCSE Physics (1PH0) — 3.1 Conservation of energy · Explain · 4 marks

## Mark scheme (4 marks)

1. Chemical energy stored in the battery is transferred to kinetic energy (of the moving car)
2. When the car hits the wall, its kinetic energy is transferred to sound (and/or heat / thermal energy)
3. The total energy of the system is conserved / energy is never created or destroyed, only transferred
4. The sound and heat produced are waste energy transfers / the energy is dissipated to the surroundings

## Related

- [Revision notes for Edexcel GCSE Physics (1PH0)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/learn)
- [How to answer "Explain" questions](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/tools/command-word-cheatsheet)
- [Practice this with AI marking (free)](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/start)

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Source: [GradeNine](https://www.gradenine.co.uk/q/a-battery-powered-toy-car-is-switched-ecbd5602) · Published by Druglandscape Ltd.